Flink读取数据的5种方式(文件,Socket,Kafka,MySQL,自定义数据源)

Flink读取数据的5种方式

  • 从文件中读取数据
  • 从Socket中读取数据
  • 从Kafka中读取数据
  • 从MySQL中读取数据
  • 从自定义数据源读取数据

    从文件中读取数据

    这是最简单的数据读取方式。当需要进行功能测试时,可以将数据保存在文件中,读取后验证流处理的逻辑是否符合预期。

    程序代码:

    package cn.jihui.flink
    import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.environment.StreamExecutionEnvironment
    object readFile {
      def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
        val env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment
        val file_name = "C:\\Users\\32985\\IdeaProjects\\flink_demo1\\resources\\wc.txt"
        val streamData = env.readTextFile(file_name)
        streamData.print
        env.execute("read data from file")
      }
    }
    

    输出结果

    "C:\Program Files\Java\jdk-11\bin\java.exe" "-javaagent:D:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2019.3.3\lib\idea_rt.jar=61478:D:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2019.3.3\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath C:\Users\32985\IdeaProjects\flink_demo1\out\production\flink_demo1;D:\Bigdata\scala-2.12.18\lib\scala-library.jar;D:\Bigdata\scala-2.12.18\lib\scala-parser-combinators_2.12-1.0.7.jar;D:\Bigdata\scala-2.12.18\lib\scala-reflect.jar;D:\Bigdata\scala-2.12.18\lib\scala-swing_2.12-2.0.3.jar;D:\Bigdata\scala-2.12.18\lib\scala-xml_2.12-2.1.0.jar;D:\Bigdata\flink-1.10.1\lib\log4j-1.2.17.jar;D:\Bigdata\flink-1.10.1\lib\slf4j-log4j12-1.7.15.jar;D:\Bigdata\flink-1.10.1\lib\flink-dist_2.12-1.10.1.jar;D:\Bigdata\flink-1.10.1\lib\flink-table_2.12-1.10.1.jar;D:\Bigdata\flink-1.10.1\lib\flink-table-blink_2.12-1.10.1.jar cn.jihui.flink.readFile
    log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.apache.flink.api.java.typeutils.TypeExtractor).
    log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.
    log4j:WARN See http://logging.apache.org/log4j/1.2/faq.html#noconfig for more info.
    WARNING: An illegal reflective access operation has occurred
    WARNING: Illegal reflective access by org.apache.flink.api.java.ClosureCleaner (file:/D:/Bigdata/flink-1.10.1/lib/flink-dist_2.12-1.10.1.jar) to field java.lang.String.value
    WARNING: Please consider reporting this to the maintainers of org.apache.flink.api.java.ClosureCleaner
    WARNING: Use --illegal-access=warn to enable warnings of further illegal reflective access operations
    WARNING: All illegal access operations will be denied in a future release
    2> hello world
    3> how are you
    5> I am fine
    7> how old are you
    Process finished with exit code 0
    

    从Socket中读取数据

    用于验证一些通过Socket传输数据的场景非常方便。

    程序代码:

    package cn.jihui.flink
    import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.scala.StreamExecutionEnvironment
    object readSocket {
      def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
        val env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment
        val ip = "172.16.3.6"
        val port = 9999
        val streamData = env.socketTextStream(ip, port)
        streamData.print
        env.execute("read data from socket")
      }
    }
    

    测试时,需要先在172.16.3.6的服务器上启动nc,然后再启动Flink读取数据。如

    [bigdata@vm6 ~]$ nc -lk 9999
    hello world
    how are you  
    happy new year
    

    在nc每输入一行数据,在Flink上均可接收到该行数据。

    Flink输出内容如下:

    "C:\Program Files\Java\jdk-11\bin\java.exe" "-javaagent:D:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2019.3.3\lib\idea_rt.jar=61731:D:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2019.3.3\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath C:\Users\32985\IdeaProjects\flink_demo1\out\production\flink_demo1;D:\Bigdata\scala-2.12.18\lib\scala-library.jar;D:\Bigdata\scala-2.12.18\lib\scala-parser-combinators_2.12-1.0.7.jar;D:\Bigdata\scala-2.12.18\lib\scala-reflect.jar;D:\Bigdata\scala-2.12.18\lib\scala-swing_2.12-2.0.3.jar;D:\Bigdata\scala-2.12.18\lib\scala-xml_2.12-2.1.0.jar;D:\Bigdata\flink-1.10.1\lib\log4j-1.2.17.jar;D:\Bigdata\flink-1.10.1\lib\slf4j-log4j12-1.7.15.jar;D:\Bigdata\flink-1.10.1\lib\flink-dist_2.12-1.10.1.jar;D:\Bigdata\flink-1.10.1\lib\flink-table_2.12-1.10.1.jar;D:\Bigdata\flink-1.10.1\lib\flink-table-blink_2.12-1.10.1.jar cn.jihui.flink.readSocket
    log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.apache.flink.api.java.ClosureCleaner).
    log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.
    log4j:WARN See http://logging.apache.org/log4j/1.2/faq.html#noconfig for more info.
    WARNING: An illegal reflective access operation has occurred
    WARNING: Illegal reflective access by org.apache.flink.api.java.ClosureCleaner (file:/D:/Bigdata/flink-1.10.1/lib/flink-dist_2.12-1.10.1.jar) to field java.lang.String.value
    WARNING: Please consider reporting this to the maintainers of org.apache.flink.api.java.ClosureCleaner
    WARNING: Use --illegal-access=warn to enable warnings of further illegal reflective access operations
    WARNING: All illegal access operations will be denied in a future release
    3> hello world
    4> how are you
    5> happy new year
    

    从Kafka中读取数据

    从Kafka中读取数据,可能是Flink应用最广泛的一种方式。目前我的客户也使用这种方式进行流数据的处理。

    从Kafka中读取数据,可以使用flink-connector-kafka。

    创建一个Maven工程,加入下面的依赖:

     org.apache.flink flink-connector-kafka-0.11_2.12 1.10.2

    程序代码:

    package cn.jihui.flink
    import java.util.Properties
    import org.apache.flink.api.common.serialization.SimpleStringSchema
    import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.environment.StreamExecutionEnvironment
    import org.apache.flink.streaming.connectors.kafka.FlinkKafkaConsumer011
    object readKafka {
      def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
        val env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment
        val properties = new Properties()
        properties.setProperty("bootstrap.servers", "172.16.3.6:9092")
        properties.setProperty("group.id", "data-group")
        val streamData = env.addSource(new FlinkKafkaConsumer011[String]("sensor", new SimpleStringSchema, properties))
        streamData.print()
        env.execute()
      }
    }
    

    启动Kafka

    [bigdata@vm6 kafka-2.6.0]$ ./bin/kafka-server-start.sh -daemon config/server.properties
    

    查看是否成功

    [bigdata@vm6 ~]$ jps
    8690 QuorumPeerMain
    21068 Jps
    10366 Kafka
    [bigdata@vm6 ~]$
    

    启动Kafka的测试脚本

    [bigdata@vm6 bin]$ ./kafka-console-producer.sh --broker-list 172.16.3.6:9092 --topic sensor
    >hello world
    >happy new year
    >what are you doing here?   
    >

    当在Kafka的测试脚本中输入文本时,启动Flink程序可以接收到数据,并进行输出。

    输出结果

    "C:\Program Files\Java\jdk-11\bin\java.exe" "-javaagent:D:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2019.3.3\lib\idea_rt.jar=60325:D:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2019.3.3\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath C:\Users\32985\IdeaProjects\flink_demo\target\classes;C:\Users\32985\.m2\repository\org\apache\flink\flink-scala_2.12\1.10.1\flink-scala_2.12-1.10.1.jar;C:\Users\32985\.m2\repository\org\apache\flink\flink-core\1.10.1\flink-core-1.10.1.jar;C:\Users\32985\.m2\repository\org\apache\flink\flink-annotations\1.10.1\flink-annotations-1.10.1.jar;C:
    ......
    :\Users\32985\.m2\repository\net\jpountz\lz4\lz4\1.3.0\lz4-1.3.0.jar;C:\Users\32985\.m2\repository\org\xerial\snappy\snappy-java\1.1.2.6\snappy-java-1.1.2.6.jar;C:\Users\32985\.m2\repository\mysql\mysql-connector-java\5.1.46\mysql-connector-java-5.1.46.jar;D:\Bigdata\scala-2.12.18\lib\scala-library.jar;D:\Bigdata\scala-2.12.18\lib\scala-parser-combinators_2.12-1.0.7.jar;D:\Bigdata\scala-2.12.18\lib\scala-reflect.jar;D:\Bigdata\scala-2.12.18\lib\scala-swing_2.12-2.0.3.jar;D:\Bigdata\scala-2.12.18\lib\scala-xml_2.12-2.1.0.jar cn.jihui.flink.readKafka
    SLF4J: Failed to load class "org.slf4j.impl.StaticLoggerBinder".
    SLF4J: Defaulting to no-operation (NOP) logger implementation
    SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#StaticLoggerBinder for further details.
    WARNING: An illegal reflective access operation has occurred
    WARNING: Illegal reflective access by org.apache.flink.api.java.ClosureCleaner (file:/C:/Users/32985/.m2/repository/org/apache/flink/flink-core/1.10.1/flink-core-1.10.1.jar) to field java.lang.String.value
    WARNING: Please consider reporting this to the maintainers of org.apache.flink.api.java.ClosureCleaner
    WARNING: Use --illegal-access=warn to enable warnings of further illegal reflective access operations
    WARNING: All illegal access operations will be denied in a future release
    7> hello world
    7> happy new year
    7> what are you doing here?
    Process finished with exit code -1
    

    从MySQL中读取数据

    当需要从关系数据库中读取数据时,可以简单的JDBC方式进行读取。

    程序代码:

    package cn.jihui.flink
    import java.sql.{DriverManager, ResultSet}
    import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.source.{RichSourceFunction, SourceFunction}
    import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.scala.StreamExecutionEnvironment
    import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.scala._
    //case class SensorReading(id: String, timestamp: Long, temperature: Double)
    object readMySQL {
      def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
        val env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment
        val streamData = env.addSource(new MySQLSource)
        streamData.print()
        env.execute("read data from mysql")
      }
    }
    class MySQLSource extends SourceFunction[SensorReading] {
      var running: Boolean = true;
      override def run(sourceContext: SourceFunction.SourceContext[SensorReading]): Unit = {
        val strConn = "jdbc:mysql://172.16.3.6:3306/flink"
        val conn = DriverManager.getConnection(strConn, "jihui", "111111")
        val selectStmt = conn.prepareStatement("select * from t_sensor;")
        val resultRs: ResultSet = selectStmt.executeQuery()
        while (resultRs.next()) {
          if (running) {
            val id = resultRs.getString(1)
            val timestamp = resultRs.getLong(2)
            val temperature = resultRs.getDouble(3)
            sourceContext.collect(SensorReading(id, timestamp, temperature))
          }
        }
        resultRs.close()
        selectStmt.close()
        conn.close()
      }
      override def cancel(): Unit = {
        running = false
      }
    }
    

    输出内容:

    "C:\Program Files\Java\jdk-11\bin\java.exe" "-javaagent:D:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2019.3.3\lib\idea_rt.jar=61886:D:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2019.3.3\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath 
    ......
    C:\Users\32985\.m2\repository\org\apache\kafka\kafka-clients\0.11.0.2\kafka-clients-0.11.0.2.jar;C:\Users\32985\.m2\repository\net\jpountz\lz4\lz4\1.3.0\lz4-1.3.0.jar;C:\Users\32985\.m2\repository\org\xerial\snappy\snappy-java\1.1.2.6\snappy-java-1.1.2.6.jar;C:\Users\32985\.m2\repository\mysql\mysql-connector-java\5.1.46\mysql-connector-java-5.1.46.jar;D:\Bigdata\scala-2.12.18\lib\scala-library.jar;D:\Bigdata\scala-2.12.18\lib\scala-parser-combinators_2.12-1.0.7.jar;D:\Bigdata\scala-2.12.18\lib\scala-reflect.jar;D:\Bigdata\scala-2.12.18\lib\scala-swing_2.12-2.0.3.jar;D:\Bigdata\scala-2.12.18\lib\scala-xml_2.12-2.1.0.jar cn.jihui.flink.readMySQL
    SLF4J: Failed to load class "org.slf4j.impl.StaticLoggerBinder".
    SLF4J: Defaulting to no-operation (NOP) logger implementation
    SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#StaticLoggerBinder for further details.
    WARNING: An illegal reflective access operation has occurred
    WARNING: Illegal reflective access by org.apache.flink.api.java.ClosureCleaner (file:/C:/Users/32985/.m2/repository/org/apache/flink/flink-core/1.10.1/flink-core-1.10.1.jar) to field java.lang.String.value
    WARNING: Please consider reporting this to the maintainers of org.apache.flink.api.java.ClosureCleaner
    WARNING: Use --illegal-access=warn to enable warnings of further illegal reflective access operations
    WARNING: All illegal access operations will be denied in a future release
    7> SensorReading(Sensor_4,1687944878278,42.6205)
    1> SensorReading(Sensor_10,1687944879294,31.3545)
    7> SensorReading(Sensor_7,1687944878278,16.3773)
    1> SensorReading(Sensor_4,1687944879294,42.6205)
    7> SensorReading(Sensor_8,1687944879294,7.3655)
    7> SensorReading(Sensor_2,1687944878278,32.3747)
    8> SensorReading(Sensor_1,1687944879294,20.0778)
    8> SensorReading(Sensor_9,1687944878278,7.65736)
    5> SensorReading(Sensor_3,1687944878278,32.9043)
    6> SensorReading(Sensor_1,1687944880296,20.0778)
    5> SensorReading(Sensor_10,1687944880296,31.3545)
    2> SensorReading(Sensor_8,1687944880296,7.3655)
    6> SensorReading(Sensor_6,1687944878278,4.37994)
    2> SensorReading(Sensor_5,1687944880296,42.1028)
    2> SensorReading(Sensor_2,1687944880296,32.3747)
    4> SensorReading(Sensor_10,1687944878278,31.3545)
    4> SensorReading(Sensor_9,1687944879294,7.65736)
    4> SensorReading(Sensor_9,1687944880296,7.65736)
    5> SensorReading(Sensor_2,1687944879294,32.3747)
    5> SensorReading(Sensor_6,1687944879294,4.37994)
    3> SensorReading(Sensor_5,1687944879294,42.1028)
    4> SensorReading(Sensor_7,1687944879294,16.3773)
    6> SensorReading(Sensor_5,1687944878278,42.1028)
    8> SensorReading(Sensor_8,1687944878278,7.3655)
    1> SensorReading(Sensor_4,1687944880296,42.6205)
    6> SensorReading(Sensor_3,1687944879294,32.9043)
    3> SensorReading(Sensor_7,1687944880296,16.3773)
    8> SensorReading(Sensor_6,1687944880296,4.37994)
    3> SensorReading(Sensor_3,1687944880296,32.9043)
    3> SensorReading(Sensor_1,1687944878278,20.0778)
    Process finished with exit code 0
    

    从自定义数据源读取数据

    当需要对Flink进行一些性能测试时,可以使用自定义数据源来简化测试过程。

    Flink支持自定义数据源,可以使用循环生成所需要格式的测试数据,使用方式非常灵活。

    程序代码:

    package cn.jihui.flink
    import java.util.Random
    import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.source.SourceFunction
    import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.scala.StreamExecutionEnvironment
    import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.scala._
    case class SensorReading(id: String, timestamp: Long, temperature: Double)
    object readCustom {
      def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
        val env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment
        val dataCustom = env.addSource(new MySensorSource())
        dataCustom.print()
        env.execute("custom data source")
      }
    }
    class MySensorSource extends SourceFunction[SensorReading] {
      var running: Boolean = true
      override def run(sourceContext: SourceFunction.SourceContext[SensorReading]): Unit = {
        val rand = new Random()
        var currTemp = 1.to(10).map(i => ("Sensor_" + i, rand.nextDouble() * 50))
        while(running) {
          val currTime = System.currentTimeMillis()
          currTemp.map(
            data => (data._1, data._2 + rand.nextGaussian())
          )
          currTemp.foreach(
            data => sourceContext.collect(SensorReading(data._1, currTime, data._2))
          )
        }
      }
      override def cancel(): Unit = running = false
    }
    

    运行程序后,会产生源源不断的数据。

    输出内容:

    "C:\Program Files\Java\jdk-11\bin\java.exe" "-javaagent:D:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2019.3.3\lib\idea_rt.jar=62739:D:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2019.3.3\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath C:\Users\32985\IdeaProjects\flink_demo1\out\production\flink_demo1;D:\Bigdata\scala-2.12.18\lib\scala-library.jar;D:\Bigdata\scala-2.12.18\lib\scala-parser-combinators_2.12-1.0.7.jar;D:\Bigdata\scala-2.12.18\lib\scala-reflect.jar;D:\Bigdata\scala-2.12.18\lib\scala-swing_2.12-2.0.3.jar;D:\Bigdata\scala-2.12.18\lib\scala-xml_2.12-2.1.0.jar;D:\Bigdata\flink-1.10.1\lib\log4j-1.2.17.jar;D:\Bigdata\flink-1.10.1\lib\slf4j-log4j12-1.7.15.jar;D:\Bigdata\flink-1.10.1\lib\flink-dist_2.12-1.10.1.jar;D:\Bigdata\flink-1.10.1\lib\flink-table_2.12-1.10.1.jar;D:\Bigdata\flink-1.10.1\lib\flink-table-blink_2.12-1.10.1.jar cn.jihui.flink.readCustom
    log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.apache.flink.api.scala.ClosureCleaner$).
    log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.
    log4j:WARN See http://logging.apache.org/log4j/1.2/faq.html#noconfig for more info.
    WARNING: An illegal reflective access operation has occurred
    WARNING: Illegal reflective access by org.apache.flink.api.java.ClosureCleaner (file:/D:/Bigdata/flink-1.10.1/lib/flink-dist_2.12-1.10.1.jar) to field java.lang.String.value
    WARNING: Please consider reporting this to the maintainers of org.apache.flink.api.java.ClosureCleaner
    WARNING: Use --illegal-access=warn to enable warnings of further illegal reflective access operations
    WARNING: All illegal access operations will be denied in a future release
    7> SensorReading(Sensor_4,1687944878278,42.62052120270371)
    1> SensorReading(Sensor_6,1687944878278,4.3799399141547735)
    3> SensorReading(Sensor_8,1687944878278,7.365503979569099)
    5> SensorReading(Sensor_2,1687944878278,32.374658798648426)
    6> SensorReading(Sensor_3,1687944878278,32.9042516066123)
    2> SensorReading(Sensor_7,1687944878278,16.37730093567341)
    8> SensorReading(Sensor_5,1687944878278,42.1027668775983)
    4> SensorReading(Sensor_1,1687944878278,20.077801500835886)
    5> SensorReading(Sensor_10,1687944878278,31.35446091105863)
    4> SensorReading(Sensor_9,1687944878278,7.657356771011931)
    5> SensorReading(Sensor_8,1687944879294,7.365503979569099)
    3> SensorReading(Sensor_6,1687944879294,4.3799399141547735)
    6> SensorReading(Sensor_1,1687944879294,20.077801500835886)
    1> SensorReading(Sensor_4,1687944879294,42.62052120270371)
    4> SensorReading(Sensor_7,1687944879294,16.37730093567341)
    2> SensorReading(Sensor_5,1687944879294,42.1027668775983)
    6> SensorReading(Sensor_9,1687944879294,7.657356771011931)
    7> SensorReading(Sensor_2,1687944879294,32.374658798648426)
    8> SensorReading(Sensor_3,1687944879294,32.9042516066123)
    7> SensorReading(Sensor_10,1687944879294,31.35446091105863)
    4> SensorReading(Sensor_5,1687944880296,42.1027668775983)
    1> SensorReading(Sensor_2,1687944880296,32.374658798648426)
    5> SensorReading(Sensor_6,1687944880296,4.3799399141547735)
    7> SensorReading(Sensor_8,1687944880296,7.365503979569099)
    6> SensorReading(Sensor_7,1687944880296,16.37730093567341)
    2> SensorReading(Sensor_3,1687944880296,32.9042516066123)
    3> SensorReading(Sensor_4,1687944880296,42.62052120270371)
    8> SensorReading(Sensor_1,1687944880296,20.077801500835886)
    1> SensorReading(Sensor_10,1687944880296,31.35446091105863)
    8> SensorReading(Sensor_9,1687944880296,7.657356771011931)
    Process finished with exit code -1